Unfair dismissal compensation cap 2026: tribunal limits, basic award and calculator

Last updated · By Mustafa Bilgic · Figures from the Employment Rights (Increase of Limits) Orders 2026 for Great Britain and Northern Ireland, and the Employment Rights Act 2025

For an effective date of termination from 6 April 2026, the compensatory award for unfair dismissal in England, Wales and Scotland is capped at the lower of £123,543 and 52 weeks' pay. The basic award uses a week's pay of no more than £751, so it cannot exceed £22,530. In Northern Ireland the cap is £123,785 with no 52-week limit, and a week's pay is capped at £783. Two changes are coming in Great Britain: the time limit for claims rises from 3 to 6 months where the effective date of termination is on or after 1 October 2026, and from 1 January 2027 the cap on the compensatory award is removed and the qualifying period falls from 2 years to 6 months.

This page sets out every unfair dismissal limit for 2026 in Great Britain and Northern Ireland, the figures for each year since 2020, how the basic and compensatory awards are worked out, and what the Employment Rights Act 2025 changes. The calculator applies the limits for your effective date of termination.

How to read this page. The limits come from the Employment Rights (Increase of Limits) Orders made each year for Great Britain and by the Department for the Economy for Northern Ireland, read on legislation.gov.uk and checked against the Employment Rights Act 1996 and the Employment Rights (Northern Ireland) Order 1996 as amended. The 2025 Act changes and their dates come from the commencement regulations. Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0.

Unfair dismissal limits from 6 April 2026

The compensatory award cap rose by 4.5% from £118,223 to £123,543, and the week's pay limit from £719 to £751. The limit that applies depends on the effective date of termination, not the date of the hearing.

Unfair dismissal limits for effective dates of termination from 6 April 2026 (Employment Rights (Increase of Limits) Order 2026 and the Northern Ireland Order 2026).
LimitEngland, Wales and ScotlandNorthern Ireland
Compensatory award cap£123,543 or 52 weeks' pay if lower£123,785
Week's pay for the basic award£751£783
Maximum basic award (30 weeks)£22,530£23,490
Minimum basic award for certain reasons£9,157£9,512
Guarantee payment for a workless day£41£41
Qualifying service2 years (6 months from 1 January 2027)1 year
Time limit to claim3 months (6 months from 1 October 2026)3 months

Unfair dismissal compensation calculator

Basic award, compensatory cap and deadlines

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How the basic award is worked out

The basic award counts back complete years of continuous employment from the effective date of termination, up to 20 years. Each year earns one and a half weeks' pay if you were 41 or over throughout it, one week's pay if you were 22 or over, and half a week's pay otherwise. The week's pay is capped at £751 in Great Britain and £783 in Northern Ireland, so the most anyone can get is 30 weeks at the cap. Where the dismissal was for health and safety representative duties, or for acting as an employee representative, pension trustee or working time representative, the basic award is at least £9,157 (£9,512 in Northern Ireland). The same age and service rules apply to statutory redundancy pay.

The compensatory award and its cap

The compensatory award covers the loss you suffered because of the dismissal, such as lost earnings, pension and other benefits, as far as the tribunal considers just and equitable. In Great Britain it cannot exceed the lower of £123,543 and 52 multiplied by a week's pay. The £751 limit on a week's pay in section 227 is written for the basic award, redundancy pay and other listed awards, not for this 52-week figure. There is no cap where the dismissal was for whistleblowing, for health and safety reasons, or for selecting you for redundancy for either of those reasons. Tribunals can also raise or cut an award by up to 25% where the employer or employee unreasonably failed to follow the Acas Code of Practice. Our guides to loss of earnings and future loss of earnings explain how lost pay is measured in injury claims.

What changes in October 2026 and January 2027

  • 1 October 2026: the time limit for an unfair dismissal claim in Great Britain rises from 3 to 6 months, where the effective date of termination is on or after that date. The same change applies to discrimination claims, where the act complained of is on or after 1 October 2026.
  • 1 January 2027: section 124 of the Employment Rights Act 1996 is repealed, so there is no cap on the compensatory award, and the qualifying period for ordinary unfair dismissal falls from 2 years to 6 months. Both changes apply where the effective date of termination is on or after 1 January 2027, even if notice was given before then.
  • Northern Ireland is not covered by these changes: the qualifying period stays at 1 year, the time limit at 3 months and the cap at £123,785.

Unfair dismissal cap and week's pay since 2020

Under section 34 of the Employment Relations Act 1999, the limits move each year with the Retail Prices Index for September, and each new Order applies from 6 April. These are the figures from each year's Order.

Compensatory award cap and week's pay limit by year. Each Order applies where the effective date of termination is on or after 6 April of that year.
From 6 AprilCap, GBWeek's pay, GBCap, NIWeek's pay, NI
2026£123,543£751£123,785£783
2025£118,223£719£118,455£749
2024£115,115£700£115,341£729
2023£105,707£643£105,915£669
2022£93,878£571£94,063£594
2021£89,493£544£89,669£566
2020£88,519£538£88,693£560

Discrimination claims are different

If the dismissal was also discrimination under the Equality Act 2010, compensation is assessed as a county court would assess damages, including an award for injury to feelings. Our page on Vento bands sets out those amounts. A personal injury claim against an employer is separate again: see claiming against your employer.

Sources and methodology

Each limit was read from the Order for that year and checked against the previous Order's old limit and the amended statute. The calculator applies section 119 of the 1996 Act, counting the years back from the effective date of termination, and was tested against worked examples for each rule.

  • The Employment Rights (Increase of Limits) Order 2026, S.I. 2026/310, and the orders for 2020 to 2025, on legislation.gov.uk.
  • The Employment Rights (Increase of Limits) Order (Northern Ireland) 2026, S.R. 2026/57, on legislation.gov.uk.
  • Employment Rights Act 1996, sections 108, 111, 119, 120, 124 and 227, on legislation.gov.uk.
  • Employment Rights Act 2025, section 25 and Schedule 12, with S.I. 2026/559 and S.I. 2026/954, on legislation.gov.uk.

Frequently asked questions

What is the unfair dismissal compensation cap for 2026?

For an effective date of termination from 6 April 2026, the compensatory award in England, Wales and Scotland is capped at the lower of £123,543 and 52 weeks' pay. In Northern Ireland the cap is £123,785.

Is the unfair dismissal cap being removed?

Yes, in Great Britain. The Employment Rights Act 2025 repeals the cap from 1 January 2027, for dismissals where the effective date of termination is on or after that date. It does not apply in Northern Ireland.

What is the maximum week's pay for the basic award in 2026?

£751 in England, Wales and Scotland and £783 in Northern Ireland, for an effective date of termination on or after 6 April 2026. The maximum basic award is 30 weeks' pay: £22,530 and £23,490.

How long do I have to claim unfair dismissal?

Three months less one day from the effective date of termination, extended by early conciliation. In Great Britain it becomes 6 months where the effective date of termination is on or after 1 October 2026. Northern Ireland stays at 3 months.

Do I need 2 years of service to claim unfair dismissal?

In Great Britain, 2 years for an effective date of termination before 1 January 2027 and 6 months from that date. Northern Ireland requires 1 year. Automatically unfair reasons, such as whistleblowing or health and safety, need no qualifying service.

Educational information, not legal advice. This calculator applies the published limits and the basic award formula. A tribunal decides whether the dismissal was unfair and the amount of any compensatory award, which can be reduced for contributory conduct or a failure to look for work. Early conciliation through Acas must normally come before a claim. See our full disclaimer.

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Awards in employment tribunals and claims against employers.

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